Investigating the physical properties of outbursts on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko
Zhong-Yi Lin
(1)
,
Jörg Knollenberg
(2)
,
Jean-Baptiste Vincent
(2)
,
Michael F. A’hearn
(3)
,
Wing-Huen Ip
(4, 1, 5)
,
Holger Sierks
(6)
,
Cesare Barbieri
(7, 8)
,
Philippe Lamy
(9)
,
Rafael Rodrigo
(10, 11)
,
Detlief Koschny
(12)
,
Hans Rickman
(13)
,
Horst U. Keller
(6)
,
Stefano Mottola
(2)
,
Dennis Bodewits
(3)
,
Jessica Agarwal
(6)
,
Maria Antonella Barucci
(14)
,
Jean-Loup Bertaux
(15)
,
Ivano Bertini
(7)
,
Gabriele Cremonese
(16)
,
Jakob Deller
(6)
,
Vania da Deppo
(17)
,
Björn Davidsson
(18)
,
Stefano Debei
(19)
,
Mariolino de Cecco
(20)
,
Sonia Fornasier
(14)
,
Marco Fulle
(21)
,
O. Groussin
(9)
,
Pedro J. Gutierrez
(22)
,
Carsten Güttler
(6)
,
Marc Hofmann
(6)
,
Stubbe F. Hviid
(2)
,
Laurent Jorda
(9)
,
Gabor Kovacs
(6)
,
Jörg-Rainer Kramm
(6)
,
Ekkehard Kührt
(2)
,
Michael Kuppers
(10)
,
Ian-Lin Lai
(4)
,
Luisa M. Lara
(22)
,
Monica Lazzarin
(8)
,
Jui-Chi Lee
(23)
,
José J. Lopez-Moreno
(22)
,
Francesco Marzari
(7)
,
Giampiero Naletto
(24)
,
Nilda Oklay
(2)
,
Theresa Ott
(25)
,
Esther Drolshagen
(25)
,
Xian Shi
(6)
,
Nicolas Thomas
(26)
,
Cécilia Tubiana
(6)
1
IANCU -
Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan]
2 DLR Institut für Planetenforschung
3 Department of Astronomy [College Park]
4 Institute of Space Science [Taiwan]
5 SSI - Space Science Institute [Macau]
6 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
7 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei"
8 CISAS - Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo”
9 LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
10 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
11 ISSI - International Space Science Institute [Bern]
12 RSSD - Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC
13 CBK - Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences
14 LESIA (UMR_8109) - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
15 PLANETO - LATMOS
16 OAPD - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
17 IFN - CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova]
18 Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala]
19 Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova]
20 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
21 OAT - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
22 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
23 Department of Earth Sciences [Chung-Li City]
24 DEI - Department of Information Engineering [Padova]
25 University of Oldenburg
26 Physikalisches Institut [Bern]
2 DLR Institut für Planetenforschung
3 Department of Astronomy [College Park]
4 Institute of Space Science [Taiwan]
5 SSI - Space Science Institute [Macau]
6 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
7 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei"
8 CISAS - Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo”
9 LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
10 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
11 ISSI - International Space Science Institute [Bern]
12 RSSD - Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC
13 CBK - Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences
14 LESIA (UMR_8109) - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
15 PLANETO - LATMOS
16 OAPD - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
17 IFN - CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova]
18 Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala]
19 Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova]
20 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
21 OAT - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
22 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
23 Department of Earth Sciences [Chung-Li City]
24 DEI - Department of Information Engineering [Padova]
25 University of Oldenburg
26 Physikalisches Institut [Bern]
Wing-Huen Ip
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 770404
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5368-386X
Cesare Barbieri
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 881734
Jessica Agarwal
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 989052
Vania da Deppo
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 763247
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6273-8738
Laurent Jorda
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 746464
- IdHAL : laurent-jorda
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8735-3308
- IdRef : 180975161
Giampiero Naletto
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 773093
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2007-3138
Nicolas Thomas
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 757031
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0146-0071
Abstract
Cometary outbursts on several comets have been observed both by ground-based telescopesand byin situinstruments on spacecraft. However, the mechanism behind these phenomenaand their physical properties are still unclear. The optical, spectrocopic and infrared remoteimaging system (OSIRIS) onboard theRosettaspacecraft provided first-hand informationon the outbursts from comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko during its perihelion passage in2015. The physical properties of the outbursts can be investigated by examining the timeseries of these high-resolution images. An analysis is made of the wide- and narrow-angleimages obtained during the monitoring of the outburst sequences, which occurred between Julyand September in 2015. A ring-masking technique is used to calculate the excess brightnessof the outbursts. The ejected mass and expansion velocity of the outbursts is estimated fromdifferences in images made with the same filter (orange filter). The calculated excess brightnessfrom these outburst plumes ranges from a few per cent to 28 per cent. In some major outbursts,the brightness contribution from the outburst plume can be one or two times higher than thatof the typical coma jet activities. The strongest event was the perihelion outburst detected justa few hours before perihelion. The mass ejection rate during a generic outburst could reacha few per cent of the steady-state value of the dust coma. Transient events are detected bystudying the brightness slope of the outburst plume with continuous streams of outflowinggas and dust triggered by driving mechanisms, as yet not understood, which remain active forseveral minutes to less than a few hours.
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