A three-dimensional modelling of the layered structure of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Luca Penasa
(1)
,
Matteo Massironi
(1)
,
Giampiero Naletto
(1, 2)
,
Emanuele Simioni
(3, 4)
,
Sabrina Ferrari
(1)
,
Maurizio Pajola
(5)
,
Alice Lucchetti
(3)
,
Frank Preusker
(6)
,
Frank Scholten
(6)
,
Laurent Jorda
(7)
,
Robert Gaskell
(8)
,
Francesca Ferri
(1)
,
Francesco Marzari
(9)
,
Björn Davidsson
(10)
,
S. Mottola
(6)
,
H. Sierks
(11)
,
Cesare Barbieri
(1, 9)
,
Philippe Lamy
(7)
,
Rafael Rodrigo
(12, 13)
,
Detlief Koschny
(14)
,
Hans Rickman
(15, 16)
,
Horst Uwe Keller
(6, 17)
,
Jessica Agarwal
(11)
,
Michael F. A’hearn
(18)
,
Maria Antonella Barucci
(19)
,
Jean-Loup Bertaux
(20)
,
Ivano Bertini
(9)
,
Gabriele Cremonese
(3)
,
Vania da Deppo
(4)
,
Stefano Debei
(21)
,
Mariolino de Cecco
(22)
,
Jakob Deller
(11)
,
Clément Feller
(19)
,
Sonia Fornasier
(19)
,
Elisa Frattin
(9, 3)
,
Marco Fulle
(23)
,
O. Groussin
(7)
,
Pedro J. Gutierrez
(24)
,
Carsten Güttler
(11)
,
Marc Hofmann
(11)
,
Stubbe F. Hviid
(6)
,
Wing-H. Ip
(25, 26)
,
Jörg Knollenberg
(27, 6)
,
Jörg Rainer Kramm
(11)
,
Ekkehard Kührt
(6)
,
Michael Kuppers
(28)
,
Florangela La Forgia
(9)
,
Luisa Maria Lara
(24)
,
Monica Lazzarin
(9)
,
Jui-Chi Lee
(25)
,
José J. Lopez Moreno
(24)
,
Nilda Oklay
(6)
,
Xian Shi
(11)
,
Nicolas Thomas
(29)
,
Cécilia Tubiana
(11)
,
Jean-Baptiste Vincent
(6)
1
CISAS -
Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo”
2 Dipartimento di Astronomia [Padova]
3 OAPD - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
4 IFN - CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova]
5 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
6 DLR Institut für Planetenforschung
7 LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
8 PSI - Planetary Science Institute [Tucson]
9 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei"
10 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
11 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
12 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
13 ISSI - International Space Science Institute [Bern]
14 ESTEC - European Space Research and Technology Centre
15 Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala]
16 CBK - Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences
17 IGEP - Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig]
18 Department of Astronomy [College Park]
19 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
20 PLANETO - LATMOS
21 Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova]
22 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
23 OAT - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
24 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
25 Department of Earth Sciences [Chung-Li City]
26 SSI - Space Science Institute [Macau]
27 DLR Institute of Planetary Research
28 Operations Department (ESAC)
29 Physikalisches Institut [Bern]
2 Dipartimento di Astronomia [Padova]
3 OAPD - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
4 IFN - CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova]
5 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
6 DLR Institut für Planetenforschung
7 LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
8 PSI - Planetary Science Institute [Tucson]
9 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei"
10 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
11 MPS - Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
12 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
13 ISSI - International Space Science Institute [Bern]
14 ESTEC - European Space Research and Technology Centre
15 Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala]
16 CBK - Space Research Centre of Polish Academy of Sciences
17 IGEP - Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig]
18 Department of Astronomy [College Park]
19 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
20 PLANETO - LATMOS
21 Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova]
22 UNITN - Università degli Studi di Trento = University of Trento
23 OAT - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste
24 IAA - Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía
25 Department of Earth Sciences [Chung-Li City]
26 SSI - Space Science Institute [Macau]
27 DLR Institute of Planetary Research
28 Operations Department (ESAC)
29 Physikalisches Institut [Bern]
Luca Penasa
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1055736
Giampiero Naletto
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 773093
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2007-3138
Maurizio Pajola
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 767226
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3144-1277
Laurent Jorda
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 746464
- IdHAL : laurent-jorda
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8735-3308
- IdRef : 180975161
Cesare Barbieri
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757032
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6257-9076
Vania da Deppo
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 763247
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6273-8738
Nicolas Thomas
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757031
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0146-0071
Résumé
We provide a three-dimensional model of the inner layered structure of comet 67P based on the hypothesis of an extended layering independently wrapping each lobe. A large set of terrace orientations was collected on the latest shape model and then used as a proxy for the local orientation of the surfaces of discontinuity which defines the layers. We modelled the terraces as a family of concentric ellipsoidal shells with fixed axis ratios, producing a model that is completely defined by just eight free parameters. Each lobe of 67P has been modelled independently, and the two sets of parameters have been estimated by means of non-linear optimization of the measured terrace orientations. The proposed model is able to predict the orientation of terraces, the elongation of cliffs, the linear traces observed in the Wosret and Hathor regions and the peculiar alignment of boulder-like features which has been observed in the Hapi region, which appears to be related to the inner layering of the big lobe. Our analysis allowed us to identify a plane of junction between the two lobes, further confirming the independent nature of the lobes. Our layering models differ from the best-fitting topographic ellipsoids of the surface, demonstrating that the terraces are aligned to an internal structure of discontinuities, which is unevenly exposed on the surface, suggesting a complex history of localized material removal from the nucleus.
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