Vanadium nitride Cycle performance Pseudocapacitance Energy storage Electrode material Organic electrode materials Lithium ion batteries GGA+U Thin films Electrode Micro-supercapacitors SOFC Li-ion battery Perovskite Nickel oxide Degradation Crystal structure LiFePO4 Redox-active amine SOEC Intercalation Anodes Lithium ion battery Diazonium chemistry Supercapacitors Fermi contact Electrochemical capacitor Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Silicon DFT Binder Electrochemistry Power performance Impedance spectroscopy Electrical conductivity Anode Manganese dioxide Microbatteries CO2 electrolysis Sputtering Activated carbon Supercapacitor Batteries Current collector Photovoltaics NMR CVD Microdevice Positive electrode Chemical vapor deposition Graphite Electrodes Transition metals Ionic liquid electrolytes Plasma Diazonium salts Grafting Graphene Raman spectroscopy FeWO 4 DFT calculations Coating Negative electrode Titanium nitride Electrochemical electrodes Li-ion batteries Capacitance Failure mechanism Electrochemical performance Electrochemical capacitors MnO2 Exsolution Fuel cell Ionic conductivity Electrolytes Lithium-ion batteries Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Electrolyte Fe Ionic liquid EIS XPS Diazonium Organic batteries MAS NMR Organic battery Lithium-ion battery FIB/SEM Lithium battery Lithium batteries Magnetron sputtering Operando Ionogels Microstructure Micro-supercapacitor Aqueous electrolyte Cyclic voltammetry Cycling stability Porous silicon Interface