Topology optimization Piezoelectric actuators Control Torque Motor Turbulence Interval analysis Actuators Topology Optimization Décharges partielles Numerical model Aerodynamics Global optimization Electric Motors PDE-constrained optimization Optimisation PROBLEM OF SOMMERFELD Interval arithmetic Partial discharges Magnetic coupling Optimization Shear layer Optimal design Hysteresis Energy harvesting Electrical machines Permanent Magnet Magnetic field Inverse problem Electromechanical actuator Modeling Inverse Problem Rosen type transformer Relaxation method GROUND WAVE PROPAGATION Adjoint Method Analytical model Ironless Finite element method Paschen Dynamic lumped model Design Electric motor Maxwell equations Conception Additive manufacturing Electrical machine FDTD Nonlinear modeling Electromagnetism Design optimization methodology Exact global optimization Piezoelectric transformer Piezoelectric energy harvester PIV Shooting method Post-buckled beams Eddy currents Shape-memory Alloys Lumped model Lorentz force law Magnetostatics Electromagnetic inverse problem Bistability Piézoélectricité Optimal control Branch and Bound Algorithm Minor loops Modèles analytiques Modélisation Piezoelectricity Hysterons Sensitivity Analysis Morphing Moteur électrique Magnetic scalar potential HYBRIDIZATION SIMP Accouplement magnétique Electroactive morphing Optimization algorithms Modèles numériques Dimensionnement Analytical modeling Smart materials Branch&Bound Heat transfer enhancement Simulation Force sensor Bistable Iron losses Axial flux machines Numerical simulation Electromechanical impedance Play model Boundary integral equations Deterministic global optimization Finite elements Magnetic Flux Leakage Shape memory alloys Actionneurs